How to solve Java Applet Security Problem

When you make a new Java-applet which connects another DB Server, it won't work in Linux or Mac System. This is due to "permission", thus you need to sign your applet first.

see this.
keytool -genkey -keystore myKeyStore -alias me
keytool -selfcert -keystore myKeyStore -alias me
jarsigner -keystore myKeyStore jarfile.jar me
http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/csg/faqs/java/signed-applets.html

after this work done, you need to modify your applet code as follows

SecurityManager oldSecurityManager = System.getSecurityManager() ;
SecurityManager newSecurityManager = new SecurityManager()
{
   public void checkConnect(String host, int port) {}
   public void checkConnect(String host, int port, Object context) {}
};

try
{
   System.setSecurityManager(newSecurityManager) ;
   ...
   DriverManager.getConnection(...) ;
}
finally
{
   System.setSecurityManager(oldSecurityManager) ;
}

Ubuntu - Modify powernowd

If you use a laptop, you will see 'powernowd' in your boot message. this is kinda speed-step daemon, which controls electric power consumption in a laptop.
but powernod has some annoying aspects. it always use minimum power whether AC plugged in or not. Because I want to use my laptop's full power when I plugged it, I found this really good tip from "forum.ubuntulinux.org"

*/etc/acpi/power.sh
#!/bin/sh

. /usr/share/acpi-support/power-funcs

getState;
getXuser;

checkStateChanged;

sleep 5;
grep -q off-line /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/*/state
if [ $? = 0 ]
then
xset dpms 0 0 120
$LAPTOP_MODE start
$HDPARM -S 12 /dev/hda
$HDPARM -B 1 /dev/hda
su $user -c "xscreensaver-command -throttle" &
/etc/init.d/powernowd start &
else
xset dpms 0 0 600
$LAPTOP_MODE stop
$HDPARM -S 0 /dev/hda
$HDPARM -B 255 /dev/hda
su $user -c "xscreensaver-command -unthrottle" &
/etc/init.d/powernowd stop &
fi

*/etc/init.d/powernowd
#! /bin/sh

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/powernowd
NAME=powernowd
DESC=powernowd

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

# create the file /etc/default/powernowd if you want to override the value of
# variable OPTIONS and change the default behavior of the daemon as launched

OPTIONS="-q"
[ -f /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME

# Get lsb functions
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
. /etc/default/rcS

if [ "x$VERBOSE" = "xno" ]; then
MODPROBE_OPTIONS="$MODPROBE_OPTIONS -Q"
export MODPROBE_OPTIONS
fi

set -e

fallback() {
modprobe speedstep-smi||(modprobe acpi-cpufreq||true)
}

load_modules() {
#stop the kernel printk'ing at all while we load.
PRINTK=`cat /proc/sys/kernel/printk`
[ "$VERBOSE" = no ] && echo "0 0 0 0" > /proc/sys/kernel/printk

#build a list of current modules so we don't load a module twice
LIST=`/sbin/lsmod|awk '!/Module/ {print $1}'`

#get list of available modules
LOC="/lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/cpufreq"
if [ -d $LOC ]; then
MODAVAIL=`( find $LOC -type f -name "*.o" -printf "basename %f .o\n"; \
find $LOC -type f -name "*.ko" -printf "basename %f .ko\n" ) | /bin/sh`
else
MODAVAIL=""
fi


#echo "Loading cpufreq modules:"
for mod in $MODAVAIL; do
# echo " $mod"
echo $LIST| grep -q -w "$mod" || modprobe $mod >/dev/null || /bin/true
done

#cpufreq is built in on powerpc; just return
if [ "`uname -m`" = "ppc" ]; then
return 0
fi


#new style detection system
if [ ! "$FREQDRIVER" = "" ]; then
modprobe "$FREQDRIVER"||fallback
else
FREQDRIVER=$(/usr/share/powernowd/cpufreq-detect.sh)
[ ! -z "$FREQDRIVER" ] && (modprobe "$FREQDRIVER"||fallback)

fi

if [ "$USE_OLD_DETECT" = "fish" ]; then
# now lets load the driver
if [ ! $FREQDRIVER = "" ]; then
modprobe $FREQDRIVER||true
fi
if [ "`uname -m`" = "x86_64" ]; then
modprobe powernow-k8 >/dev/null 2>&1||true
fi

if [ ! -f /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor ]; then
modprobe acpi > /dev/null 2>&1|| true
fi
fi
echo "$PRINTK" > /proc/sys/kernel/printk
}

check_kernel() {
CPUFREQ=/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq

if [ -f "$CPUFREQ/scaling_governor" ] && \
[ -f "$CPUFREQ/scaling_available_governors" ] && \
grep -q userspace "$CPUFREQ/scaling_available_governors"
then
return 0
else
return 1
fi
}

start() {
log_begin_msg "Starting $DESC... "
if check_kernel
then
grep -q off-line /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/*/state
if [ $? = 0 ]
then
# echo "Starting $DESC: "
if ! start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --oknodo --exec $DAEMON -- $OPTIONS >/dev/null 2>&1; then
status=$?
log_end_msg $status
return $status
fi
fi
else
log_warning_msg "CPU frequency scaling not supported"
# echo "required sysfs objects not found!"
# echo -e "\tRead /usr/share/doc/powernowd/README.Debian for more information."
fi
log_end_msg 0
return 0
}

case "$1" in
start)
[ -f /proc/modules ] && load_modules
start
;;
stop)
log_begin_msg "Stopping $DESC: "
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --exec $DAEMON
log_end_msg $?
;;
restart|force-reload)
$0 stop
sleep 1
start
#echo "$NAME."
;;
*)
N=/etc/init.d/$NAME
log_success_msg "Usage: $N {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac

exit 0

this is it!

Gentoo - Allow User to use audio and usb disk

When you just finished installing gentoo on your machine, only root account will be exist. Unless you're crazy, you don't want to work with root account.

you can create user account as follows

useradd -m

but, it doesn't allow user to use audio and usb disk, and su. to allow user do this things, you need to add user into appropriate groups.

usermod -G users,audio,wheel,disk

wheel allows users can use 'su' and disk allows users can use 'usb disk'

If you use Xfce4, don't forget to put user into '/etc/sudoers' list to shutdown your computer on user account. you can find more in the internet.

Ubuntu - Network Boot Speed Up

sudo update-rc.d -f networking remove
sudo update-rc.d networking defaults 99

Ubuntu Linux 5.04 Hoary

Java 2 korean font setting

The reason why Java doesn't print korean well is JVM doesn't recognize Korean font. thus we need to modify those files.

JDK 1.5
modify "{$JAVA HOME}/jre/lib/fontconfig.properties" as follows

# @(#)linux.fontconfig.RedHat.properties 1.6 03/11/14
#
# Copyright 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
#
# Version
version=1
# Component Font Mappings
allfonts.chinese-gb18030=-misc-zysong18030-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-iso10646-1
allfonts.chinese-gb18030.motif=-isas-song ti-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-gb2312.1980-0
allfonts.chinese-big5=-arphic technology co.-ar pl mingti2l big5-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-iso10646-1
allfonts.chinese-big5.motif=-taipei-fixed-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-big5-0
allfonts.lucida=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.plain.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
serif.plain.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.plain.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.plain.latin-1=-b&h-lucidabright-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.plain.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi serif-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.bold.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
serif.bold.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.bold.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.bold.latin-1=-b&h-lucidabright-demibold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.bold.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi serif-bold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.italic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
serif.italic.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.italic.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.italic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidabright-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.italic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi serif-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.bolditalic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
serif.bolditalic.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.bolditalic.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.bolditalic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidabright-demibold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.bolditalic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi serif-bold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.plain.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
sansserif.plain.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.plain.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.plain.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.plain.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.bold.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
sansserif.bold.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.bold.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.bold.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.bold.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-bold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.italic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
sansserif.italic.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.italic.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.italic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.italic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.bolditalic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
sansserif.bolditalic.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.bolditalic.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.bolditalic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.bolditalic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-bold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.plain.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
monospaced.plain.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.plain.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.plain.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.plain.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.bold.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
monospaced.bold.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.bold.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.bold.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.bold.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-bold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.italic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
monospaced.italic.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.italic.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.italic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.italic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.bolditalic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
monospaced.bolditalic.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.bolditalic.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.bolditalic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.bolditalic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-bold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialog.plain.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialog.plain.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.plain.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.plain.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.plain.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.bold.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialog.bold.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.bold.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.bold.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.bold.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-bold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.italic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialog.italic.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.italic.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.italic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.italic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.bolditalic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialog.bolditalic.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.bolditalic.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.bolditalic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.bolditalic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi sans-bold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.plain.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialoginput.plain.korean=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.plain.korean.motif=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.plain.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.plain.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.bold.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialoginput.bold.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.bold.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.bold.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.bold.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-bold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.italic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialoginput.italic.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.italic.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.italic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.italic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.bolditalic.japanese-x0208=-misc-kochi mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0
dialoginput.bolditalic.korean=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.bolditalic.korean.motif=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.bolditalic.latin-1=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.bolditalic.latin-1.motif=-b&h-luxi mono-bold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
# Search Sequences
sequence.allfonts=latin-1
sequence.allfonts.Big5=latin-1,chinese-big5
sequence.allfonts.GB2312=latin-1,chinese-gb18030
sequence.allfonts.x-euc-jp-linux=latin-1,japanese-x0208
sequence.allfonts.EUC-KR=latin-1,korean
sequence.allfonts.GB18030=latin-1,chinese-gb18030
sequence.fallback=lucida,chinese-big5,chinese-gb18030,japanese-x0208,korean
# Exclusion Ranges
exclusion.japanese-x0208=0390-03d6,2200-22ef,2701-27be
# Font File Names
filename.-arphic_technology_co.-ar_pl_mingti2l_big5-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-iso10646-1=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/bsmi00lp.ttf
filename.-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/microsoft/batang.ttc
filename.-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/microsoft/gulim.ttc
filename.-misc-kochi_gothic-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/kochi/kochi-gothic.ttf
filename.-misc-kochi_mincho-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-0=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/kochi/kochi-mincho.ttf
filename.-misc-zysong18030-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-iso10646-1=/usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/zysong.ttf
# AWT X11 font paths
awtfontpath.latin-1=/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1
awtfontpath.chinese-big5=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic
awtfontpath.chinese-gb18030=/usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType
awtfontpath.japanese-x0208=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/kochi
awtfontpath.korean=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/microsoft

just because font of microsoft is looking good, I copied TrueType fonts Batang.ttc, Gulim.ttc, Mingliu.ttc into "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/microsoft" from Windows.

JDK 1.4
modify "{$JAVA HOME}/jre/lib/font.properties" as follows

#
# @(#)font.properties.ko
#
# Copyright by Sun Microsystems, Inc.,
# 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California, 94303, U.S.A.
# All rights reserved.
#
# This software is the confidential and proprietary information
# of Sun Microsystems, Inc. ("Confidential Information"). You
# shall not disclose such Confidential Information and shall use
# it only in accordance with the terms of the license agreement
# you entered into with Sun.
#
#
# We use MS Windows fonts (batang.ttc, gulim.ttc, mingliu.ttc)
#
# Serif font definition
#
serif.0=-b&h-lucidabright-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.1=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.italic.0=-b&h-lucidabright-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.italic.1=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.bold.0=-b&h-lucidabright-demibold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.bold.1=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
serif.bolditalic.0=-b&h-lucidabright-demibold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
serif.bolditalic.1=-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# SansSerif font definition
#
sansserif.0=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.italic.0=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.italic.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.bold.0=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.bold.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
sansserif.bolditalic.0=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
sansserif.bolditalic.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# Monospaced font definition
#
monospaced.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.1=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.italic.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.italic.1=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.bold.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.bold.1=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
monospaced.bolditalic.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
monospaced.bolditalic.1=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# Dialog font definition
#
dialog.0=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.italic.0=-b&h-lucidasans-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.italic.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.bold.0=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.bold.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialog.bolditalic.0=-b&h-lucidasans-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
dialog.bolditalic.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# DialogInput font definition
#
dialoginput.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.italic.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.italic.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.bold.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.bold.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
dialoginput.bolditalic.0=-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1
dialoginput.bolditalic.1=-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# Default font definition
#
default.char=274f
# name aliases
#
alias.timesroman=serif
alias.helvetica=sansserif
alias.courier=monospaced
# for backward compatibility
#uncomment with urw fonts
#zapfdingbats.0=--zapf dingbats-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-adobe-fontspecific
# Static FontCharset info.
#
# This information is used by the font which is not indexed by Unicode.
# Such fonts can use their own subclass of FontCharset.
#
# This information can be overriden by describing more specific style.
# For example
#
# fontcharset.serif.plain.3=SpecialSymbols
# means serif.plain.3 font''s index can be retrieved with the convert() method
# of instance of SpecialSymbols and what kind of characters serif.plain.3 font
# has can be judged with the isCovered() method of instance of SpecialSymbols.
#
fontcharset.serif.0=sun.io.CharToByteISO8859_1
fontcharset.serif.1=sun.awt.motif.CharToByteX11KSC5601
fontcharset.sansserif.0=sun.io.CharToByteISO8859_1
fontcharset.sansserif.1=sun.awt.motif.CharToByteX11KSC5601
fontcharset.monospaced.0=sun.io.CharToByteISO8859_1
fontcharset.monospaced.1=sun.awt.motif.CharToByteX11KSC5601
fontcharset.dialog.0=sun.io.CharToByteISO8859_1
fontcharset.dialog.1=sun.awt.motif.CharToByteX11KSC5601
fontcharset.dialoginput.0=sun.io.CharToByteISO8859_1
fontcharset.dialoginput.1=sun.awt.motif.CharToByteX11KSC5601
#replace font line if you have zapf fonts
#fontcharset.zapfdingbats.0=sun.io.CharToByteISO8859_1
# exclusion info.
#
# This information describe exclusion ranges for each fonts.
#
# ''exclusion.serif.plain.0'' overrides ''exclusion.serif.0'', and
# ''exclusion.serif.0'' overrides exclusion.0, and so on.
#
# XFontSet string
# X11 only properties
#
fontset.serif.plain=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidabright-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.serif.italic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidabright-medium-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.serif.bold=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidabright-demibold-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.serif.bolditalic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidabright-demibold-i-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# SansSerif font definition
#
fontset.sansserif.plain=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.sansserif.italic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.sansserif.bold=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.sansserif.bolditalic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# Monospaced font definition
#
fontset.monospaced.plain=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.monospaced.italic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.monospaced.bold=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.monospaced.bolditalic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# Dialog font definition
#
fontset.dialog.italic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.dialog.bold=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.dialog.bolditalic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.dialog.plain=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
# DialogInput font definition
#
fontset.dialoginput.italic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.dialoginput.bold=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.dialoginput.bolditalic=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
fontset.dialoginput.plain=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
#uncomment with urw fonts
#fontset.zapfdingbats=#--zapf dingbats-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-adobe-fontspecific
#
fontset.default=-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0,-b&h-lucida-medium-r-normal-sans-*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0
#
filename.-ms-batang-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/microsoft/batang.ttc
filename.-ms-gulim-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/microsoft/gulim.ttc
filename.-ms-mingliu-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-ksc5601.1987-0=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/microsoft/mingliu.ttc

Ubuntu tips

*locale setting
dpkg-reconfigure locales

*xserver setting
dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xfree86
or
dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg(above ubuntu hoary)

*apm setting(for an old PC)
To enable APM on a system, edit your /etc/modules file and add apm to the list of modules. Also, edit the #kopt line of your /boot/grub/menu.lst file so that it ends with apm=on, and then run sudo update-grub to update the GRUB configuration. Add the modules shpchp and pciehp to the end of the /etc/hotplug/blacklist file (they don't work w/APM). Finally, reboot the computer. If your system supports APM, everything should be set up. Close the laptop lid (if you have a laptop) or press the Sleep button to suspend to RAM.Some systems may not work properly with this, and many new systems don't support APM at all. In this case, search for information on suspending your particular laptop in the wiki or elsewhere. Also, if APM doesn't work, try ACPI. Note that APM doesn't support all the power management features of many newer laptops, and also doesn't work with suspend-to-disk using the code in the kernel.
<< http://ubuntulinux.org/wiki/SuspendHowto >>

*environment setting
vi /etc/environment

Fedora Core 2 - gmplayer, korean subtitle setting

You won't see any subtitle correctly when you install Fedora Core 2 at first. Setting Korean Font simply solves it.

Go "Preferences - Subtitles & OSD", then you will find "Unicode subtitle" in "Subtitle" Group, simply check!!
and also there is a place to set encoding. set this as Korean Charset(cp949). Next to "Subtitles & OSD", select "Font Tab" then you can find the font location menu. put "/usr/share/fonts/ko/TrueType/gulim.ttf" in. then you will see subtitles well.

Translate document into UTF8

Why do I need to translate document?
Windows system users are usually using their own code page like euc-kr, and most modern linux distros are using UTF8. thus if you simply open that kind of document by 'cat' you will not recognize what is in.

iconv usage
refer man iconv

iconv Example
if you want to translate document which is written in euc-kr to UTF8, just type followings.

iconv -f euc-kr -t utf8 original_file > translated_file